Class 10 Chapter 5 Economics consumer rights question answer

Class 10 Chapter 5 Economics Consumer Rights Question Answer

Social Science: Class X Chapter 5

When was the Consumer Protection Act (COPRA) made?
(a) 1988 (b) 1986 (c) 1987 (d) 2005.
Hallmark is a mark of authenticity of what :
(a) Gold (b) Watch (c) Food items (d) Agricultural product.
When was the ‘Right to Information’ Act passed?
(a) January 2002 (b) March 2004 (c) October 2005 (d) July 2007.
Which day is celebrated as National Consumer Day?
(a) 5th December (b) 15th December (c) 20th December (d) 24th December.
Due to what reasons Consumer Movement start?
(a) Shortage of food items (b) Hoarding, black marketing (c) Fall of food items and edible oil (d) All of these.
At present, how many consumer organisations are there?
(a) 500 (b) 603 (c) 689 (d) More than 700. Ans. 1

4. Producers can be arbitrary in relation to the quality and price of the product—

(i) In a competitive market
(ii) In a monopoly
(iii) In agricultural products
(iv) None of these.

Ans. (ii)

5. Agmark is the safety mark for—

(i) Jewellery
(ii) Agricultural products
(iii) Woollen clothes
(iv) Electrical appliances.

Ans. (ii)

6. In which year was the ‘Essential Commodities Act’ passed?

(i) In 1949
(ii) In 1952
(iii) In 1955
(iv) In 1960.

Ans. (iii)

Fill in the Blanks

ISI is the standard of ___________.
Electrical appliances have the logo of ___________.
Consumers have the right to information about ________ against adulterated food.
While having the goods, acknowledging its absence is called ___________.
Consumers have the ___________ against unfair trade practices and exploitation.

Ans. 1. quality, 2. ISI, 3. particulars of goods and services, 4. artificial scarcity.

True/False

India observes 24 December as National Consumers Day.
‘AGMARK’ is the safety mark for agricultural products.
The mark that assures the quality of gold jewellery is called a Hallmark.
Consumer Protection Act was passed in 1955.
Consumer Protection Rules were enacted in 1986.
Not every person is a consumer.
‘Hallmark’ logo is given for industrial and consumable items.

Ans. 1. True, 2. True, 3. True, 4. False, 5. True, 6. False, 7. False.

Match the Columns

‘A’	‘B’
1. Standardisation	(a) Industrial Commodities
2. ISI	(b) Three-tier System
3. Consumer exploitation	(c) Indian Standard Institution
4. Consumer awareness	(d) Black Marketing
5. Consumer Protection Act	(e) Better Standard of Living

Ans. 1 → (c), 2 → (a), 3 → (d), 4 → (e), 5 → (b).

Answer in One Word/Sentence

What is the buyer of goods and services called?
Ans. Consumer.
When is National Consumers’ Day observed?
Ans. 24 December.
In which year, the ‘Right to Information’ Act enacted?
Ans. In 2005.
Whose quality is assured by Hallmark?
Ans. Gold jewellery.
Whose quality is assured by Woolmark?
Ans. Wool and Woollen Clothes.

Consumer Rights

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q.1. What do you mean by consumer exploitation?

Ans. Consumer exploitation means weighing less, charging a higher price, selling adulterated and defective goods, misleading consumers by giving false advertisements, etc.

Q.2. State two types of consumer exploitation.

Ans.(1) High Prices — Often, shopkeepers have arbitrary prices more than the retail prices.

(2) Adulteration and impurity — Adulteration means the mixing of cheap items in the article. This often affects the health of the consumer.

Q.3. What is called if the cinema ticket is sold at a higher price than its prescribed price?

Ans. Exploitation of consumers by black market ticketing.

Q.4. What is the result of getting limited information about the product?

Ans. In this era of globalisation, the market is full of a variety of products. The producer is free to produce. There are no fixed rules for quality and pricing. There is a lack of proper and complete knowledge of many aspects of the commodity, such as price, quality, composition by terms of use, rules of purchase, etc. Therefore, consumers make their financial loss by making wrong choices.

Q.5. What is a monopoly?

Ans. Monopoly means having the right of production by a single producer group over the production and distribution of a commodity. In the case of a monopoly, the producers are arbitrary in relation to prices and quality and availability of goods. As a result, they are successful in exploiting the consumers.

Q.6. What is ‘Black marketing’?

Ans. When producers and traders hoard essential commodities, the price of these commodities increases in the market. The compulsive consumers have to buy the goods at these high prices, and if the government rations these goods, then these goods will come for sale on the black market. This is called black marketing.

Q.7. What is meant by consumer education?

Ans. Consumer should get maximum satisfaction from their limited income and protect themselves from exploitation prevailing evils. Through consumer education, they will get such knowledge that they will develop the ability to test the goods on the basis of merits and demerits and with this knowledge, they will be able to buy the right goods at the right time.

Q.8. What is ‘Right to Information’?

Ans. In 2005, the Government of India enacted a law, popularly known as the RTI (Right to Information) Act, which ensures its citizens all the information about the functions of government departments.

Short Answer Type Questions

Q.1. Explain the meaning of consumer awareness with examples.

Ans. In the age of capitalism and globalisation, the main aim of every producer is to maximise their profit. Manufacturers are engaged in increasing the sales of their products in every possible way. So, while fulfilling their purpose, they forget the consumer part and exploit them. For example, weighing less, charging a higher price, selling adulterated and defective goods, misleading consumers by giving false advertisements, etc. Thus, it is necessary to make the consumers aware so that he cannot be cheated in the market. Thus, consumer awareness refers to making the consumer aware of their rights and duties.

Q.2. How consumer awareness helps in controlling anarchy and harmful consumption?

Ans. Consumer awareness helps in controlling anarchy and harmful consumption in following ways—

(1) Ban on the use of harmful goods—There are many such items available in the market which harm some consumers. For example, tobacco, cigarettes, alcohol can be taken. Consumer education and awareness inspire not to buy such items.

(2) Control over anarchy—Every person in the society is a consumer. Therefore, if the consumer is aware and prudent, then the whole society becomes healthy and conscious of their rights. In such a situation, there is control over the anarchy in the market.

Q.3. What is ISI?

Ans. The government of India has constituted some such institutions which certify the quality of the goods. For industrial and consumer goods ISI mark is given. To avoid fraud, consumers should use the items with this mark.

Q.4. What is the right to redressal?

Ans. The customer has the right to redress for a complaint against unfair bargaining and exploitation. It can be easily understood with the help of an example. A person was admitted to a private hospital in Kerala for an ear problem. An ENT surgeon performed the operation under general anaesthesia. As a result of negligence, the patient started to get symptoms of some brain trouble, then the hospital was required to pay compensation. It is thus clear that if any damage is caused to the consumer, then he is liable to be compensated on the basis of the amount of damage.

Long Answer Type Questions

Q.1. State the need and importance of consumer awareness.
Or
State four importance of consumer awareness.

Ans. Need and importance of consumer awareness — Most of consumers do not get the right goods and services in the market. They are taken very high price or the adulterated and low-quality goods are sold to them. As a result, it is necessary that the buyer should be made aware. The need and importance of making the consumer aware becomes clear from the following—

(1) To achieve Maximum Satisfaction

(2) Avoiding Exploitation of Producers

(3) Promotion of Savings

(4) Knowledge to Solve Problems

(5) Ban on the Use of Harmful Goods

Q.2. How do producers and traders exploit consumers?
Or
Write the types of consumer exploitation.

Ans. Generally, producers and traders are exploited in the following ways—

(1) Adulteration and Impurity — Adulteration means the mixing of some cheap items in a commodity. This sometimes harms the health of the consumer. While small pebbles in rice, colour in spices, khesari dal in tur dal and mixing of harmful items in other expensive food items for the purpose of earning more profit.

(2) Excess Price — Often, shopkeepers charge an arbitrary price more than the fixed retail price.

(3) False or Incomplete Information — Manufacturers and sellers sometimes give wrong and incomplete information to customers.

(4) Substandard Quality — Sometimes, goods of low quality are supplied.

(5) Mistakes in Measurements — Sellers cheat by weighing less or using false weights.

(6) Unsatisfactory Service After the Sale — After buying the product, services are not properly given.

(7) Unnecessary Conditions — Imposing unnecessary conditions on the consumer.

(8) Artificial Scarcity — Traders create artificial scarcity by hoarding goods during festivals and charge higher prices through black marketing.

Q.3. What is meant by standardisation of goods? Write about the standardisation of various products.

Ans. Meaning of Standardisation — Setting standards for the quality of products is called standardisation of goods. There are many types of items available in the market, but to avoid exploitation, the consumer should always buy standardization goods. The government of India has constituted some organisation which certifies the quality of goods. The standardisation marks of various products are as follows—

(1) AGMARK — A mark certifying the quality of an agricultural product.

(2) ISI — A mark certifying the quality of industrial and consumer goods.

(3) Woolmark — A mark certifying the quality of wool or woollen clothes.

(4) Hallmark — A mark certifying the quality of gold jewellery.

Q.4. As a consumer, what measures will you adopt so that you do not get cheated in the market? Discuss the legal measures for protection.

Or

Write any five measures to protect the consumer from exploitation.

Ans. As a consumer, the following measures should be adopted to avoid getting cheated in the market—

(1) Obtaining Receipt — It is very important to take a cash memo of any item along with the purchase. Due to this, legal action can be taken in case the item becomes defective or substandard or gets damaged before the stipulated time.

(2) Purchase of Standardised Goods — Many types of goods are available in the market, but consumers should always buy standardised goods to avoid exploitation. ISI, AGMARK and Hallmark markings are standardised.

(3) Consumer Education — The most important remedy for exploitation is consumer education and awareness.

(4) Do not Fall Under the Guise of Advertisement — Big companies telecast attractive advertisements of their products through Doordarshan and other mediums. But consumers should be careful regarding such advertisements.

(5) Checking the Date of Expiry — Always check the date of manufacturing and expiry.

(6) Complaining Collectively — A single consumer cannot do anything against the producer or seller, but if the complaint is made collectively, then it is effective.

Legal Measures for Protection

Commodities Act was passed in 1955 for the protection of consumers. After this, in the year 1976, the “Standard of Weights and Measures Act” was passed to regulate the measurement.

In 1986, the ‘Consumer Protection Act’ was passed by the Government of India. The main objective of this law is to make the consumer complaints quick and to simplify the legal process. Under this, a three-tier judicial system has been established at the district, state and national levels for settlement of consumer disputes.

The ‘Consumer Affairs’ Department of the Government of India has also launched several schemes to make the consumers aware, such as setting up consumer organisations in every district of the country and consumer clubs in schools. Awareness summits are also organised at various levels to bring awareness about consumer rights. 24 December is celebrated as ‘National Consumer Day’ in India. Today there are more than 700 consumer organisations functioning in the country.

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Social Science (M.P.): Class X | 159

Q.3 Write True or False :

The person who buys or consumes goods is called a Consumer.
When looking to the quality of goods, the Standards are determined, it is called ‘Standardisation’.
In 1985, ‘Sanyuktah Sangh’ was formed consumer International for consumers.
For agricultural products and food items, ‘Hallmark’ is issued as a standard mark.

Ans. 1. True, 2. True, 3. True, 4. False.

Q.4 Match the column :

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. COPRA Act passed	(a) Food items
2. Agmark	(b) Electric goods
3. I.S.I. Mark	(c) October 2005
4. Right to Information Act passed	(d) 1986

Ans. 1. (d), 2. (a), 3. (b), 4. (c)

Q.5 Answer in one word/sentence :

Give two methods of consumer exploitation.
Write the two main methods of the Consumer Niwaran Process.
Looking to the quality of the product to decide its standard is called?
What types of forums are there under COPRA to settle consumer disputes?

Ans.

Gives less measure, adulteration.
To spend more time, expensive.
Standardisation.
Three levels: (i) District, (ii) State, (iii) National level.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q.1 What are the ways by which the people in the market can be exploited?

Ans. In the market, people are exploited in many ways. For example, to give less measure, to sell defective goods, to sell defective goods etc. Apart from these, there are many causes like misguide the people by wrong advertisements, less knowledge, and monopoly also may be the cause of the exploitation of people.

Q.2 To be aware consumer what things are necessary? (any two)

Ans. To become an aware consumer, there are two important things:

The consumer should be aware of good products and he has the right to get proper products.
The consumer should be aware of the compensation if he is cheated by anyone.

Q.3 Under the ‘Right to Information’ what type of Right is there?

Ans. Under the ‘Right to Information’ the consumer can get the knowledge of any product and if cheated he has right to get compensation.

Q.4 What type of Right is there under the ‘Right to select’?

Ans. Under this act the consumer can select his product according to his choice and taste. No seller can force him to buy any particular product.

Q.5 What is Consumer International?

Ans. In 1985 United Nations Organisation formed Consumer International under its guidelines. It was formed to save consumers from exploitation.

Q.6 What is COPRA?

Ans. Govt. made an Act to provide security to consumers in 1986, which is known as COPRA.

Q.7 What is the Three-Tier Judiciary System?

Ans. Establishment of a forum at three levels — District, State and National is called the Three Tier System.

Q.8 When is National Consumer’s Day celebrated?

Ans. 24th December is celebrated as National Consumer’s Day. On this day in 1936 Bhartiya Suraksha Act passed in Parliament.

Class 10 Chapter 5 Economics consumer rights question answer

Class 10 Chapter 5 Economics consumer rights question answer